Impact testing device



April 16, I1946. A. zAvARELLA x-:TAL

` IMPACT TESTING DEVICE Filed Jan. 27, 1'945 2 Shee 11s-Sheet v1 LEG NAR L MPHETERE. ARTHUR ZAVAHELLA;

April 16, 1946. A. zAvAl-EELLA rErm. l 2,398,458 f IMPACT TESTING DEVICE Eiled Jan. 27, 1945 zsheets-sheet 2 m57* R` WWA, ,Mv ...A LZ 6 D e ml H NT 'UR E LA Patented Apr. 16, 1946 UNITED "STAI-'Es PATENT Nol-Flca 2,398,458 IMPACT TESTING DEVICE t `Arthur"Zavarella, fgawam, and Leonard j JMcPheters, Springfield, Mass., assignors to the Goverment of the United'Statesof Americafas represented by the Secretary of Warfand his successorsin oce n It is very often desirable to test the impact-` resistance of critical components in many articles, especially such 'components thereof that consistof essentially straight pieces of material, in order to assure thatlsuchcomponents will not break or set under the stressV oristrain of 'the use for which theyrfare intended. .While a multiplicity of tests has been employed' fory inspecting such parts heretofore, there has not been Vanyv standard reproducible impact test'as far as ordnance is concerned, so that, asa result thereof; speciiications and tests .havela'cked coordination 'and it has been practically impossible to obtain reliable results from any duplication.y of tests i made in different places or at diierent times.- i

l,It is accordingly one principal object of this invention to provide a `means wherebyV a` re;

producible impact test for mechanical parts may, be made with the desired end result that standard Y Applicaties Janaafy'z, 1945,seria1No.514,945A

11 Claims.

(Granted under the act nf March s, 1883, as `amener-,a Apriiso, 192s; 37o o. G. 757) includes a .base `or plate member I which, as shown, may be provided with a plurality of bolt 'holes 2 lfor anchoring the said basemember to a suitable standard such as a bench or the like. At one end of the base member there is a pair of spaced' bearingblocks 3 mounted thereon and which rotatably support a transverse shaft 4 which also carries a drum memberE-andla' collar member 6. The latter `is formed to have a forwardly extending yoke or a bifurcated member ,'I which in the usual case will have arms 8 extending atvright angles to the "axis of shaft 4. `The drum member Slis provided with `a cable Iljwhich hasone endsecured thereto and-which is wound around the drum in a4 clockwise direction and has its free end portion preferably extending. thru a suitable ,opening I2 in the base member which free end portion carries a weight or other retaining member such as I3. A

Y .A stop 9 is provided `on plate I,adj`acent the left `end as viewed in Fig. 2 in` radial alignment with collar 6 and member '1,V so that when collar B and member lare rotatedin a counterclockwise direction, the member 'I will be retained by stop 9 in `a horizontal position. A second stop I0 is provided on plate `I in longitudinal alignment withstop 9, but on :the right 'sideof shaft requirements can be formulated and subsequent- 1y written within specifications or contracts. As

will appear, the novel apparatus of this invention is particularly adapted to guarantee a dependable and reproducibleV means of inspection.,

A particular object of this inventionisto provide a means whereby a reproducible impact test can be made on ordnance matriel such 'as bayonet blades. v y v l v The specic nature of the invention as well as other objects and advantages thereof will clearly appear from adescription of, a pre- Aferred embodiment as shown inthe accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of an apparatus em. bodying the novel features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a' side elevational view of what is showninlE'ig.1. *i I Fig. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of what isshowninFig. 1.Vv v" t Fig. 4 is a partial view similar to Fig.l 2 partly in section.

Fig. 5 is a bottom member. i

Fig. 6 is a sideelevational view'of what is pian view affine mock yshown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 1 4shows an impact testing device embodying the novelieatures of this invention` and it 4 so that when partsB and 1 are rotatedclockwise, member` I wil1 be. retained in a position somewhat above horizontal.. Y

A block I4 is formed at one end to ib pivotally secured between arms 8f as bya shaft I5. The other end of block; I4. is provided with `lateral horizontally-project'ingV shoulders I6, each shoulder having a recess I1 and lug IB-,as shown in Fig. 3.

In the speciiic application of this invention to 4the testing of bayonets, a 'cylindrical hole I9, which extends `longitudinally through block I4 and is axially perpendicularA to the axis of shaft I5, is provided midway between shoulders `I6 so as to slidably receive a facsimile of the forward portion of the barrel 20 of the rifle to' which, the bayonet is attachable, for example, the U; S. riiie caliber .30 M1. As shown, the barrel 2|) has assembled thereto a gas cylinder 2l and an annular groove 22 adjacent its rear end.

.In the top of block1I4 is provided a circular opening 2.3 in axial alignment with hole IFS. A block 24,*provided with a downwardlydepending cylindrical stud 25 and an eccentric camz26, isassembled on block I4 with stud 25 in hole 23 while eccentric camA 26 Aengages annular` groove 2-2 in barrel 20. A spring-operated plunger 21 is provided in block 24 to retain the latter in V5, 6, and `1 .to rotate in a clockwise direction .the impact can be varied atl will on whichever side said gas cylinder may be positioned. When handle 28 is turned, eccentric cam 2S which engages annular groove 22 will cause.

said barrel 2n to move outwardly, and disengage lugs 29 on gas cylinder 2I from recess I.I in block I4, thereby permitting barrel201and 'gas cylinder- 2I to be rotated up and over ahalfiturn to the Thereupon lug 29 on gas'cylinder 2I- Y, engages lug I8 and is retracted into lrecess Il. in.

other side.

block I4 when handle 28 is'returnedto'a longitudinal position, thereby retracting barrel 20. and;

gas cylinder 2|.

By this means, a bayonet 30;;a`ssembled A1inthe usual manner to barrel and gascylinde'r 2|, may be securedV Iirstwiththe blade 3| flat onone side and then, byturninghandle 2,8 to a crosswise .position anddisengaging lug ,29 on gas cylinder v2I, said bayonet may be turnedand lug. 29. reengaged on theother side in whichpositionthe blade 3I Vwill be secured iiat on the other side'.

An anvil assembly, consisting of two bearing blocks 32 anda cylindrical anvil 33" ismounted toward the vright end of plate I with anvil 33 V horizontal and perpendicular-tothe longitudinal axis of the testing device.. Bearing blocks 32 .are mounted adjacent either-side .ofplate I parallel to said axis ofthetesting deviceand with-a multiple of, bearing .notches :311V in transverse alignment. y

. The anvil member. 33A isprovided-with bearings v 35. to nt in saidV bearingnotches 34 and. with a .cylindrical portion 36. This -cylindrical :portion is of sucha length thatsitextendsfto either side beyond the edges of bayonetblade 3| inboththe forward. and 'rearward positions thereof. .The upper edge of .the anvil 33 is also atzsuch a height as to support thebayonet bladel in .a vhorizontal Vposition when member 'I fis, resting on stop I0. Y

Tooperate. the impactetesting device, a bayonet is assembledto the barrel .and gascylinder assembly inthe usual manner, said-assembly being locked. on. either; side. and 1 the ventire assembly, .pivoted on shaft ILisn swung up and over until member 'I contacts stop 9,.l cablej II "onid'riving member 5 meanwhilev raising'weightw and the combination thereby forming'fan -energy-storing device.. Theassembly is'V thens'released so that the weight'ISpulls cable- I I dbvvn';l causing parts around shaft 4 until member 'I contacts stop I0. Then the rest of the assembly, consisting of `barrel 20, gas cylinder 2I andbayonet3u moving `as a unit, continues to swing downward around shaft .I 5 until blade 3 Iimpacts on anvil 333. Handle 28. is thenswung crosswise, disengaging lug 29 so that` the bayonet and Vgas cylinder assembly can be manually turned to the other side; when handle V28 swung back to alongitudinal, locking position, the testing cycle is repeated Vso that impact testing ofthe bayonet blade cnbothsides is thereby accomplished. -Y c Y I -i' By varying thev maSs--of'weight I3 the'force of andv made to conform to lany prescribed requirement. l Also, by placing anvil 33 inany particular pairofV bearing notches, 'the point of impact fb'ysaid bayonet Vblade can be Vvaried 'to accord withany prescribed requirements. .i

. itis therefore'obvies'tiitthis invetinpra A4and dependable means of inspection.

We claim:

`l.. A device for testing the impact resistance in beam loading vof an elongated test piece comprising in combination, a base member provided with an anvil member and supporting a rotatable driving member, a pivoted element on the driving; member remote from the anvil member, means for securing the test piece on said element sothata portion ofthe test piece may be brought `into'engagement with said anvil member as said 4 driving .member is rotated, stop means between 'the pivoted element Vand the driving member, and

means for rotating said driving member to cause the test pieceto strike against said anvil member at a predetermined velocityV by itsl own vinertia after arrest of the drivingmemberby the'stop means. Y

2.l The combination defined inclairn ,1 wherein .said driving memberincludes a drum member and the last mentioned means includes acable wound around said drum memberv and a weight supportedbysaidcable.1""4` j `3.`A device for testing the impact-resistance of aV test-piece comprising, a `base memberp'rovided with an anvilandsupportingra' rotatable driving member remoteifrom the anvil, means pivoted to the driving.-member. :forsecuringvr the test-.piece to saiddrivingrmem-ber in such relationship thereto. as tobring'a portion of .the testpieceinto engagement withsaid anvil as .said driving member isrotated,'stop means for the drivingr member and an energy-storing device associated with said .driving member and; arranged to-oppose manual rotationof the latterV and of the testpiece.in a'directionaway from said anvil, wherebyLthearcuate extent. of free rotation of the driving member determines thevelocity of -impact of the test-piece against-.the anvil,` and impact of the. test 'piece is occasioned by inertia after arrestof the; driving member. by the stop means.

of `a test-piece' comprising incombination, a base member provided with anv4 anvilfland supportingv a rotatable driving member,` means for pivotally securing the` test-pieceJ to said' driving member -for limited movement inthe plane of 4rotation of said driving member andfarranged to bring a portion of the test-piece into engagement with said anvil as said driving member-is rotated, a stop for said driving member provided at a point prior to the contact of the'test-'piece with the' anvil-whereby pivotal movement ofthe test-piece will rbring the latter into contactwith saidanvil, and an energy-storing device associated with said driving Vmember arranged tooppose manual rotation of the latter and of the test-piece'in a direction away from saidanvil whereby the arcu ate extent of free rotation of thedriving member determines the velocity of impact of, the4 testpiece against the anvil. j y

5. A device for testing the impactfresistance in bending of an elongated test-piece comprising in combination, a base member provided with an anvil and supporting `a rotatable drivingjmember, linkage means whereby the test-piece is pivloially. secureito .the drying member atalp'oint remote'from the l'anvil' and is adapted to be rotated by said driving member so as to contact with said anvil, and stop means between the linkage means and driving member whereby impact of the test piece on the anvil is occasioned by inertia of the test piece and linkage means.

6. A device for testing the impact-resistance of a test-piece comprising in combination, a base member provided with an anvil and supporting a rotatable driving member, linkage means Whereby the test-piece is pivotally secured to the driving member and is adapted to be rotated by said driving member so as to contact with said anvil, and a stop for the rotation of said driving member `at the point prior to the contact of the testpiece with said anvil whereby pivotal movement of the test-piece relative to the driving member will bring the test-piece into contact with the anvil.

7. A device for testing the impact-resistance of a test-piece comprising in combination, a base member provided with an anvil, a rotatable driving member supported by said base member, linkage means whereby the test-piece is pivotally secured to the driving member and adapted to be rotated thereby in such a way as to contact said anvil, stop means for said driving member at the point prior to the contact of the test-piece with said anvil, and selective means for positioning said anvil on the base member in any one of a plurality of positions relative to the axis of rotation of said driving member.

8. A device for testing the impact-resistance of a test-piece comprising in combination, a base member provided with an anvil and supporting a rotatable driving member, means for securing a test-piece to said driving member so that a -an extension member pivotally secured to said of said drum in a direction away from said anvil,

portion of said test-piece may be brought into engagement with said anvil as said driving member is rotated, means for rotating said driving member to cause the test-piece to strike against said anvil at a predetermined velocity, and means for selectively positioning said anvil on the base member in any one of a plurality of positions of successively greater displacement from the axis of rotation of said driving member.

9. A testing device for testing the impact-resistance of a test-piece comprising, a base member supporting a rotatable drum, means for rotating said drum under substantially constant accelerative stress, an arm provided on said drum,

and a second stop arranged to stop the rotation of said drum just prior to contact of the testpiece with said anvil.

10. A device for testing the impact-resistance of a longitudinal test-piece comprising in combination, a base member provided with an anvil member and supporting a rotatable driving member, means `for securing one end of the test-piece to said driving member so that a portion of the test-piece may be brought into engagement with said anvil member as said driving member is rotated, said last mentioned means including means for selectively positioning the test-piece on said driving member so that either side of the testpiece will contact said anvil member, and means for rotating said driving member to cause the test-piece to strike against said anvil member at a predetermined Velocity.

11. A device for testing the impact-resistance of a longitudinal test-piece comprising, a base member supporting a rotatable drum, means for rotating said drum under substantially constant accelerative stress, an arm provided on said drum, an extension member pivotally secured to said arm and lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said arm, means for rigidly securing one end of the test-piece to said extension member, said last mentioned means including means for selectively positioning the testpiece on said extension member in either of two displaced positions relative to its longitudinal axis, an anvil adjustably positioned on said base member so as to be impacted by the test-piece as said drum rotates, a rst stop arranged to limit the rotation of said drum in a direction away from said anvil, and a second stop arranged to stop the rotation of said drum just prior to contact of the test-piece with said anvil.

ARTHUR ZAVARELLA. LEONARD MCPHETERS. 

